By Francesco Canepa
FRANKFURT (Reuters) – Five European Central Bank policymakers, including President Christine Lagarde, floated proposals on Wednesday for changing how the ECB goes about the business of steering price growth in the euro zone.
With the ECB in the middle of its first strategic review in nearly two decades, proposals ranged from buying more green bonds to letting inflation overshoot the symbolic 2% threshold — to doing nothing at all.
The ECB has undershot its goal of keeping price growth “below but close to” 2% for nearly a decade. And just as the coronavirus pandemic causes prices to fall, it is now debating whether and how to change that target.
Policymakers speaking at different events throughout the day acknowledged that some of the reasons for the sluggish price growth were beyond their control but their responses sometimes differed.
French central bank governor Francois Villeroy de Galhau proposed saying that the ECB would “accept inflation higher than 2% for some time without mechanically” tightening policy, in a bid to boost expectations about future price growth .
This would be a variation on the Federal Reserve’s new goal, which is a 2% inflation rate on average over an unspecified period. It would give the ECB greater flexibility by not tying it to an arithmetic mean.
His Finnish peer Olli Rehn argued roughly along the same lines, calling for “a clearly and genuinely symmetric” target accompanied by forceful action to correct any deviation in either direction.
However, ECB board member Yves Mersch was unconvinced that the ECB’s target needed changing as it had proven successful over a 20-year horizon.
He also argued new structural forces, such as global supply chains and a more tenuous relationship between unemployment and price growth, meant that old economic models were now outdated.
“We cannot continue to chase ghosts that do not exist any more,” Mersch said.
GOING GREEN
Lagarde had kicked off proceedings in the morning, throwing her weight behind the idea that the ECB would favour green bonds when buying corporate credit to make up for the market’s failure to do so.
This would imply ditching the ECB’s sacred principle of market neutrality, which forces it to buy company bonds in proportion to their outstanding amounts, as suggested by ECB board member Isabel Schnabel recently.
“In the face of what I call the market’s failures, (there) is also a question we have to ask ourselves as to whether market neutrality should be the actual principle to drive our… asset purchases programme,” Lagarde told a United Nations event.
Her green push was echoed by Austrian central bank governor Robert Holzmann, who said later the ECB was “prepared to navigate hitherto unchartered waters” to tackle climate change.
“Climate change does concern many aspects of monetary policy, including inflation, economic growth, interest rates and the transmission channels of our instruments,” Holzmann added.
(Reporting by Francesco Canepa in Frankfurt, Leigh Thomas in Paris, Tarmo Virki in Tallinn; Editing by Chizu Nomiyama)
